With the continuous development and progress of smart grids, the demand for smart meters continues to grow, and their functions, performance, technological innovation and applications are also facing new challenges. The function of recording the opening of the meter cover of smart meters provides strong technical support for anti-electricity theft. Through a detailed discussion and analysis of the recording of the opening of the meter cover of smart meters, from the perspective of the hardware and software design of smart meters, a method for recording the opening of the meter cover of single-phase smart meters after power outages is proposed, and the feasibility of the design is verified through experiments to ensure that the functions of smart meters are more complete.
Keywords: smart grid; smart meter; event recording; opening of the meter cover during power outages; electricity theft; electricity management
Content：
1. Introduction
With the rapid development of science and technology and economy, smart meters are increasingly widely used around the world, and their functional requirements are becoming more and more complete, which has brought great convenience to power monitoring and management. At the same time, electricity theft incidents occur frequently, and the means of electricity theft are endless. The meter in the power outage state needs a high degree of stability and reliability to ensure that the meter cover opening event can still be effectively recorded in special circumstances such as power supply abnormality or interruption.
This paper analyzes and discusses the feasibility of the function of recording the meter cover opening event in the power outage state from the two aspects of hardware design and software design.
2.1 Hardware Solution Design
The maximum voltage limit of supercapacitors is 3 V, 2.7 V, etc. The main power supply of single-phase meter system is usually 3.3 V or 5 V. Therefore, two or more supercapacitors can be connected in series or one capacitor plus DC-DC boost integrated circuit can be used to meet the power supply requirements. However, for the electric energy meters used in large quantities, two supercapacitors in series are better because they need to meet the requirements of event recording after a power outage for 2 days.,
2.2 Software Solution
The common practice in the current electric meter industry is to confirm whether the meter cover opening event occurs by detecting the travel state of the key switch in the meter. When the meter leaves the factory, the upper meter cover presses the key switch. When the meter detects that the key switch state changes during operation, it is considered that the meter cover state has changed and the corresponding meter cover opening event is recorded.
After the power outage, the clock battery and supercapacitor of the meter work together to make the meter run in a low power consumption state. However, when the replaceable battery is under-voltage and the power is cut off for 2 days, the meter also needs to record the earliest meter cover opening event. Therefore, the recording of the meter cover opening event in the power outage state also needs to be completed by the corresponding software.
3. Conclusion
Through the above theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the single-phase smart meter can realize the function of recording the event of opening the meter cover after power failure. This design not only improves the safety and reliability of the meter, but also provides the possibility for subsequent troubleshooting and data analysis, and provides more effective and reliable support for safe and orderly electricity use.