What is an electronic energy meter?
With the development of microelectronics technology, signal processing technology and communication technology, scientific and technical personnel are constantly seeking new ways to measure AC energy. In the early 1980s, AC electric energy meters composed of electronic components appeared in the world. Since this type of electric energy meter has no rotating components, the IEC standard defines it as a static electric energy meter to distinguish it from an inductive electric energy meter, which is called an electronic electric energy meter in China.
The structure of the electronic electric energy meter is similar to that of the inductive electric energy meter, and it is also composed of two parts: the measuring mechanism and the auxiliary parts. The measuring mechanism is mainly based on electronic circuits, and the measuring elements are composed of multipliers, converters and counters; the auxiliary components are the same as those of the inductive type.
The electronic energy meter uses an analog or digital circuit to obtain the product of the voltage and current vectors, and then integrates the time through the digital circuit to realize the energy measurement function. The measurement of electric energy is completely completed by electronic circuits and electronic modules, and the calculation results and measurement parameters are controlled by software, which shows great flexibility.
In the mid-to-late 1980s, static electric energy meters (electronic electric energy meters) developed rapidly in developed countries, and some meters with long life, high reliability, and suitable for field use requirements appeared one after another. Automatic range conversion within a wide voltage and current range.
The electronic energy meter can measure active energy, reactive energy and apparent energy at the same time with one metering unit. In addition, it can easily realize the functions of maximum demand, prepayment, multi-rate (time-sharing), and communication. These characteristics of electronic energy meters have promoted the development of automatic meter reading technology. my country began the research and development of electronic energy meters in the early 1980s, and the development has gone through stages such as mechanical clocks, electronic clocks, microprocessor time-sharing switches and independent research and development of special metering chips.
What is a smart energy meter?
The smart energy meter is one of the basic components of the advanced measurement system of the smart grid. It is responsible for the collection, measurement, transmission and processing of electric energy data, and supports the smart grid for power load management, distributed energy measurement, power grid operation and scheduling, power market transactions and electric energy. quality monitoring, etc. The smart energy meter has comprehensive data collection capabilities, including voltage, current, active power, reactive power, and power; supports prepaid and remote management, supports remote load control; supports two-way communication, providing a data gateway for future home automation networks.
Compared with traditional electronic energy meters, smart energy meters have the following features in addition to the basic metering functions:
It has a wide range of current, voltage and other electrical parameter measurement functions to meet the needs of operation monitoring in different on-site environments. It has the functions of demand, time-of-use and segmented metering to meet the implementation needs of time-of-use electricity prices and stepped electricity prices. It has the function of two-way energy metering and supports the access of distributed energy users. It is equipped with functions such as hard clock, storage and freezing of agreed pilot data, power outage and other event records, load records, power outage meter reading, event alarm and other functions to meet outage and power outage settlement, measurement error identification and dispute resolution.
It has the functions of online monitoring, diagnosis, alarm and intelligent processing of abnormal power consumption to meet the needs of fault handling and online monitoring of metering devices. It can realize the function of remote or local cost control, and meet the needs of arrears control, electricity theft prevention, and load management through information security authentication measures. With a variety of communication interfaces, it can realize data exchange functions such as electricity consumption information collection, remote parameter setting, load control, and event reporting.